Internal-combustion-engine piston



Patented Apr. 22, 1,930

PATENT Haltern A.' soULIs, or EASTON, rENNsYLvANrA INTERNAL-COMBUSTION-ENGINE I'IS'JPONl Appucuan mea July so,

\ The invention is an improvement in pistons for internal combustion engines and means for constructing the same whereby the etliciency of internal combustion engines in which, my invention is embodied will be materially increased.

The duty of a bi-metallic piston is to perform the duty of a conventional all iron or all aluminum piston in such a manner that it will have none of the inherent disadvantages of pistons made of one metal. In the all aluminum piston the excessive expansion and excessive skirt Wear vdo not permit the engine to perform at its highest eiiiciency.

l5 In the case of the all iron piston with its insufficient heat conduction and its excessive weight the compression ratio and high engine speed are greatly retarded. As the tendenc in modern engine design is toward hig speed and high compression ratios, it is seen that a piston light in Weight with high heat conductivities. must be used. A bi-metallic piston with the roper metals cast integrally and located in t e piston-so that the advantages of each metal can be used when its particular properties will serve to eliminate the disadvantages of a piston made of a single metal, will have none of their disadvantages. It is the object of my invention to fulfil these exacting requirements by the construction of an internal combustion engine piston having cast within an aluminum internal combustion engine piston particles yor pieces of metal, having wearing qualities better than the Wearing qualities of aluminum, such as iron particles, also to cast within the skirt a perforated metal or screen to keep the expansion to a minimum and to retain the particles within a confined area of the internal combustion engine piston.

This invention further comprehends a method of producing an internal combustion engine piston whereby the structure may be economically manufactured, the iinished product possessing greater strength and durability than pistons of the conventional types. Furthermore, the pistons made by the practicing of my invention will be lighter in weight than the cast iron piston so that the wear of scoring of the' cylinder walls result- 192s. serial No. 296,257.

ing from their use will be substantially eliminated or reduced to a minimum.

Other objects and advantages of the employment of my invention will become obvious as the descri tion proceeds, and I would have it understood) that Ireserve unto myself the full' range of equivalents in structure and uses, to which I may be entitled under my invention in its broadest aspect.

I shall now proceed to describe my invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein I have illustrated certain preferred embodiments for the purpose of presenting a clear and comprehensive disclosure, it being obvious that my invention is susceptible of taking other forms Without departing from the scope and spirit thereof.

Fig. 1 is an elevation, partly in section taken through the Wrist pin boss of a practical form of my invention embodyin a wire mesh with particles of metal other t an aluminum with which the piston roper is made, cast within the internal com ustion engine piston.

Fig. 2 is an elevation of the internal combustion engine piston.

Fig. 3 -is a plan view looking at the skirt end of the internal combustion engine piston.

Fig. 4 is an elevation in section through B`-A Fig. 8 showing the cast-in metal particles without the reinforcing member.

Fig. 5 is an elevation in section of a portidn of the skirt of the piston taken at A--B showing the embedded particles and the perforated member cast within the lower portion of the piston.

Referring now to the drawings in detail in which likecharacters of'reference are ernployed to designate similar partsl throughout the several views, 2 indicates an internal combustion engine piston body consisting of a light cast metal such as aluminum or aluminum alloy with a wire mesh reinforcing member'3 with bearing inserts or particles 4 cast integrally with the piston proper, after which the surfaces of the piston are machined-to form the ring grooves and the bearing surface. 5 shows the wrist pin boss cast integral with the piston proper. 6 shows the Itis manifest that in some instances of construction it may be desirable to modify the shape of the perforated meniber or that the size and shape of the particles 4 are susceptible to modification. It is obvious that when the perforated member 3 is used the particles 4 will be conlined to a limited area. Perforated member 3 further serves to keep the internal combustion engine piston from eX- cessive expansion. `It is obvious that if the reinforcing member 3 be of a lower coefficient of expansion than the piston skirt orhead section it will hold the aluminum or aluminum alloy from expansion due to the heat of combustion'whilefthe bearing particles of a metal of better bearing qualities than the piston proper will give long life to the piston.

Iclaim: 1 f

1. VAninternal combustion 'engine piston comprisin alrelatively light body of cast metal, a reinforcing member, wrist pin bosses, `a zone Where packing'ring grooves are cut,

a lurality of cast-in bearing particles, all of .Vw ich are permanently united in casting.

.2.: An internal combustion engine piston :comprising a relatively light body of cast lmetahWrist pin bosses, a zone Where packing ring grooves are cut, cast-in bearing particles all o which are cast integral.-

3. An internal combustion engine piston comprising a relatively light body of cast lmetal, wrist pin bosses7 a zone Where packing ring grooves are cut, said light body ofl cast metal being impregnated With a plurality of pieces of anV unlike metal. v

J metal having a cylindrical shaped reinforcing member interposed between the portion of the said impregnated portions of the relatively light body of cast metal and the major or non-impregnated portions,'all of said parts being united in casting.

5. An internal combustion engine piston comprising a relatively light body of cast metal, wrist pin bosses, a zone Where packing ring grooves are cut, said light body of cast metal having its wearing surfaces n ated with an unlike metal.

' 6. An internal combustion engine piston comprising a relatively light' body of cast metal impregnated with particles of an unlike metal and a cylinder of a perforated material cast therein. l

7. An internal' combustion engine piston composed of a light metal alloy, said alloy 4 impreg- 8. An internal combustion engine piston composed of a. light metal alloy, said alloy y being im regnated adjacent the Wearing surfaces Wit particles of a wear resisting metal.

9. An internal combustion engine piston com osed of a light metal alloy impregnated in e zone of the wall of said piston with a multiplicity of small vparticles of an unlike metal of wear-resisting characteristics, and a perforated metallic cylindrical expansion-resisting member entirely embedded in the Walls of said piston, all permanently united in casting.

10. An aluminum alloy piston for internal combustion engines, impregnated in the zone of Wearing surfaces with a plurality of fine vparticles of a wear-resisting ferrous metal,

`unitedpermanently With said piston in casting.

11. In combination, an aluminum alloy pist0n for internal combustion en ines, a mul tiplicity of small particles of errous metal embed ed in the zone of wearing surfaces of said piston, and a cylindrical perforated metallic expansion-resisting member entirely surrounded by the body of said piston., all of which being permanentl united in casting.

HAR LD A. SOULIS.

' s 4.An'internal combustion engine piston .comprisinga -relativelyvlight body of cast being impregnated with particles of a wear Y resisting metal. 

